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Рефераты >> Иностранный язык
 H. G. Wells Скачать в архиве Скачать
H. G. Wells Herbert George Wells (21 September 1866 – 13 August 1946)[1], better known as H. G. Wells, was an English writer most famous today for his science fiction novels The Time Machine, The War of the Worlds, The Invisible Man, The First Men in the Moon and The Island of Dr Moreau. He was a prolific writer of both fiction and non-fiction, and produced works in many genres, including contemporary novels, history, and social commentary. He was an outspoken socialist, his later works becoming increasingly political and didactic. Only his early science fiction novels are widely read today. Wells and Jules Verne are each sometimes referred to as "The Father of Science Fiction".[2] Herbert George Wells, fourth and last child of Joseph Wells (a former domestic gardener, and at the time shopkeeper and cricketer) and his wife Sarah Neal (a former domestic servant), was born at Atlas House, 47 High Street, Bromley, in the county of Kent.
 P. G. Wodehouse Скачать в архиве Скачать
P. G. Wodehouse Sir Pelham Grenville Wodehouse, KBE (15 October 1881 – 14 February 1975) was a comic writer who enjoyed enormous popular success during a career of more than seventy years and continues to be widely read over 30 years after his death. Despite the political and social upheavals that occurred during his life, much of which was spent in France and the United States, Wodehouse's main canvas remained that of prewar English upper-class society, reflecting his birth, education, and youthful writing career. An acknowledged master of English prose, Wodehouse has been admired both by contemporaries such as Hilaire Belloc, Evelyn Waugh and Rudyard Kipling and by modern writers such as Douglas Adams, Salman Rushdie and Terry Pratchett. Sean O'Casey famously called him "English literature's performing flea", a description that Wodehouse used as the title of a collection of his letters to a friend, Bill Townend.
 William Wordsworth Скачать в архиве Скачать
William Wordsworth Born April 7, 1770(1770-04-07) Cockermouth, England, UK Died April 23, 1850 (aged 80) Ambleside, England, UK Occupation Poet Literary movement Romanticism William Wordsworth (April 7, 1770 – April 23, 1850) was a major English romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their 1798 joint publication, Lyrical Ballads. Wordsworth's masterpiece is generally considered to be The Prelude, an autobiographical poem of his early years which the poet revised and expanded a number of times. The work was posthumously titled and published, prior to which it was generally known as the poem "to Coleridge". Wordsworth was England's Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death in 1850.
 Virginia Woolf Скачать в архиве Скачать
Virginia Woolf Born 25 January 1882(1882-01-25) London, England Died 28 March 1941 (aged 59) near Lewes, East Sussex, England Born Adeline Virginia Stephen in London to Sir Leslie Stephen, considered the father of the Bloomsbury Group, and Julia Prinsep Stephen (born Jackson) (1846–1895), she was educated by her parents in their literate and well-connected household at 22 Hyde Park Gate, Kensington. Virginia's parents had each been married previously, and their spouses had died. Consequently, the household contained the children of three marriages: Julia's children with her first husband Herbert Duckworth: George Duckworth (1868–1934); Stella Duckworth (1869–1897); and Gerald Duckworth (1870–1937).
 Ґрунти України Скачать в архиве Скачать
Ґрунти України Грунт - це поверхневий шар земної кори, видозмінений під впливом фізичного, хімічного і органічного вивітрювання. Це ланка, що зв'язує живу і неживу природу. Складається з твердих речовин, ґрунтової води, повітря і живих організмів. Процес утворення ґрунтів пов'язаний з кліматом, рослинністю, рельєфом, діяльністю мікроорганізмів, мінеральним складом підґрунтя і працею людини. Найважливіші морфологічні ознаки ґрунтів: забарвлення, структура, будова, механічний склад, включення. Забарвлення - це одна з важливих морфологічних ознак, за якою деякі ґрунти навіть одержали назву (чорноземи, каштанові, буроземи, сіроземи). Колір ґрунтів залежить від сполук, що входять до його складу. Гумусові речовини і сполуки марганцю надають ґрунтам темного кольору (чорного або сірого), оксиди кремнію, солі кальцію -- світло-білого або ясно-ciporo. Оксиди заліза, залежно від концентрації їх, забарвлюють у жовтий, коричневий або бурий колір. Структура.
 Dangerous profession Скачать в архиве Скачать
Dangerous profession As we know labour is honorable duty of all citizens. Everybody must work for the good of our country as the wealth of it is created by the labour of all the people. That’s why it is very important for everybody to work hard all professions in our century are very useful and important. We have many kinds of different professions. I consider that the profession of miner is very hard and dangerous. This profession demands a high level of manual skill and a certain period of practical training. Coal is one of the important resources for our economy. Coal is produced in Donetsk region. There are many mines there. They are situated under the ground deep over one thousand meters. The miners are very browe and with fortitude people. They put down deeply under the ground and work there in hard conditions. Hundreds of people are perished in mines for the last year. They always risk of their life.
 About animals Скачать в архиве Скачать
About animals Do you know … ...how long animals live? The animal which lives the longest life is the tortoise. It sometimes lives between 300 and 400 years. The crocodile can live for 300 years, the elephant and the eagle – for 100 years. ...that elephants are very good swimmers? …that the elephant can pick up a coin with his trunk? The trunk is everything for the elephant. The elephant can do with his trunk much of what we do with our hands. It can pick up a man and put him on his back; then it can pick up and give him a coin which fell from his pocket. …that when an elephant grows, everything grows on it except its eyes? …about the march of 37 elephants across the Alps? When Hannibal fought Rome thirty-seven of his elephants made a march across the Alps covered with ice and snow. We know that his elephants were African, but Hannibal’s elephants were smaller then the African elephants of today.
 English writers Скачать в архиве Скачать
English writers I like to read books. Literature helps us to live in this world and we learn a lot from books. Lately I have been interested in English literature very much. English books teach us to understand the English language the way Englishmen speak. Such books as "Romeo and Juliet" by William Shakespeare help us to understand things which appeared to be very simple in this life. When I have read this book I have looked at these things on the other side. And Mark Twain, Reduard Kipling, Agatha Christie. Their books at times I read at the night secretly from the parents been covered myself with a blanket. And I can name many others. Today I will want tell you about Agatha Christie. Agatha Christie is known all over the world as the Queen of Crime. She wrote 78 crime novels, 19 plays and 6 romantic novels under the name of Mary Westmacott. Her books have been translated into 103 foreign languages.
 Frank O'Connor (Irish writer) Скачать в архиве Скачать
Frank O'Connor (Irish writer) One of my favorite authors is Frank O'Connor. Frank O'Connor is a pseudonym of Michael Odonovan, born in Cork, Ireland in 1903. He grew up in an Irish provincial town. His published works include poems, plays, novels, translations, criticism. Frank O'Connor was a real master of the short story. He could draw his readers into Irish life, showing his sense of humour and his compassion for human beings in their loneliness and their confusion. As you know a story's success depends on how heroes are presented in the story. They can be presented through the character's actions or their speech; through a physical description and through the opinions of other characters. In the Frank O'Connor's book "The Idealist" the heroes are presented through actions and conversations. I think that each character must have a special quality that makes you remember him for a long time. The main hero - Delany - was truthful, frank, decisive.
 Dante Alighieri Скачать в архиве Скачать
Dante Alighieri Dante Alighieri is beyond doubt the greatest of Italian poets, and, many readers think, one of the greatest poets that Western civilization has produced. W. B. Yeats called him "the chief imagination of Christendom." T. S. Eliot said: "Dante and Shakespeare divide the modern world between them. There is no third." He was born in Florence, Italy, in 1265. Italy in those days was not a united country, but a collection of mostly small city-states. Feuds and power struggles between noble families were a constant source of wars between states and of turmoil and civil war within them. Dante, heir of a poor but noble family, was one of the seven elected officials in charge of the government of Florence, when an accidental collision in the street during the May Festival in 1300 led to a brawl that escalated into a civil war that ultimately got Dante's party overthrown and its leaders (including Dante) exiled from Florence.
 Charles Darwin Скачать в архиве Скачать
Charles Darwin Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England. He was the fifth child and second son of Robert Waring Darwin and Susannah Wedgwood. Darwin was the British naturalist who became famous for his theories of evolution and natural selection. Like several scientists before him, Darwin believed all the life on earth evolved (developed gradually) over millions of years from a few common ancestors. From 1831 to 1836 Darwin served as naturalist aboard the H.M.S. Beagle on a British science expedition around the world. In South America Darwin found fossils of extinct animals that were similar to modern species. On the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean he noticed many variations among plants and animals of the same general type as those in South America. The expedition visited places around the world, and Darwin studied plants and animals everywhere he went, collecting specimens for further study.
 Hillary Rodham Clinton Скачать в архиве Скачать
Hillary Rodham Clinton During the 1992 presidential campaign, Hillary Rodham Clinton observed, "Our lives are a mixture of different roles. Most of us are doing the best we can to find whatever the right balance is... For me, that balance is family, work, and service." Hillary Diane Rodham, Dorothy and Hugh Rodham's first child, was born on October 26, 1947. Two brothers, Hugh and Tony, soon followed. Hillary's childhood in Park Ridge, Illinois, was happy and disciplined. She loved sports and her church, and was a member of the National Honor Society, and a student leader. Her parents encouraged her to study hard and to pursue any career that interested her. As an undergraduate at Wellesley College, Hillary mixed academic excellence with school government. Speaking at graduation, she said, "The challenge now is to practice politics as the art of making what appears to be impossible, possible.
 Harry S Truman Скачать в архиве Скачать
Harry S Truman Truman was born in Lamar, Missouri, in 1884. He grew up in Independence, and for 12 years prospered as a Missouri farmer. He went to France during World War I as a captain in the Field Artillery. Returning, he married Elizabeth Virginia Wallace, and opened a haberdashery in Kansas City. Active in the Democratic Party, Truman was elected a judge of the Jackson County Court (an administrative position) in 1922. He became a Senator in 1934. During World War II he headed the Senate war investigating committee, checking into waste and corruption and saving perhaps as much as 15 billion dollars. As President, Truman made some of the most crucial decisions in history. Soon after V-E Day, the war against Japan had reached its final stage. An urgent plea to Japan to surrender was rejected. Truman, after consultations with his advisers, ordered atomic bombs dropped on cities devoted to war work. Two were Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japanese surrender quickly followed.
 Elizabeth II, Elizabeth I, Queen Victoria Скачать в архиве Скачать
Elizabeth II, Elizabeth I, Queen Victoria Elizabeth 2 is the Queen of Great Britain. She was born in Windsor on 21 April 1926. Her full name is Elizabeth-Mary-Alexander Windsor. Her pet name is Lilibet. She was educated at home, taught to read and write by her parents. She knew foreign languages. Elizabeth was made her speech on the radio in 1940. She was learned to drive. She was married Prince Philip in 1947. Her first son Prince Charles was born in 1948. She came to throne in 1952. Elizabeth was crowned in Westminster Abbey on 2 June 1953. Now she plays an important role in the country. She travels a lot. The Queen has got four children: Prince Charles, Princess Anne, Prince Andrew, and Prince Edward. She has five official residences in Britain; Buckingham Palace and Windsor among them. I'd like to speak about Elizabeth 1 and Queen Victoria. Elizabeth 1 came to throne in 1558.
 President George W. Bush Скачать в архиве Скачать
President George W. Bush George W. Bush is the 43rd President of the United States. He was sworn into office on January 20, 2001, re-elected on November 2, 2004, and sworn in for a second term on January 20, 2005. Prior to his Presidency, President Bush served for 6 years as the 46th Governor of the State of Texas, where he earned a reputation for bipartisanship and as a compassionate conservative who shaped public policy based on the principles of limited government, personal responsibility, strong families, and local control. President Bush was born on July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut, and grew up in Midland and Houston, Texas. He received a bachelor's degree in history from Yale University in 1968, and then served as an F-102 fighter pilot in the Texas Air National Guard. President Bush received a Master of Business Administration from Harvard Business School in 1975. Following graduation, he moved back to Midland and began a career in the energy business.
 Princess Diana Скачать в архиве Скачать
Princess Diana Diana Frances Spencer was born on July 1, 1961 at Park House, the home her parents rented on the royal family's estate at Sandringham. As a child she occasionally played with Prince Andrew and Prince Edward, who were near her in age. Diana had two older sisters, Sarah and Jane, and a younger brother, Charles. When Diana was six, her mother left her father. The Spencers divorced in 1969, and Diana's father received custody of the children. In 1975 Diana's father became the eighth Earl Spencer, making Diana a Lady. Diana and her siblings moved to Althorp, the Spencer family estate in Northampton. Diana attended private boarding schools. Although she wasn't an especially good student, she was excelled at sports, and won trophies for her swimming. She dreamed of being a ballerina, but grew too tall (as an adult she was 5'10").
 Martin Luther King Jr. Скачать в архиве Скачать
Martin Luther King Jr. One of the most visible advocates of nonviolence and direct action as methods of social change, Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in Atlanta on 15 January 1929. As the grandson of the Rev. A.D. Williams, pastor of Ebenezer Baptist church and a founder of Atlanta's NAACP chapter, and the son of Martin Luther King, Sr., who succeeded Williams as Ebenezer's pastor, King's roots were in the African-American Baptist church. After attending Morehouse College in Atlanta, King went on to study at Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania and Boston University, where he deepened his understanding of theological scholarship and explored Mahatma Gandhi's nonviolent strategy for social change. King married Coretta Scott in 1953, and the following year he accepted the pastorate at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. King received his Ph.D. in systematic theology in 1955.
 Совместимость и преобразование типов данных Скачать в архиве Скачать
Совместимость и преобразование типов данных Курсовой проект по программированию Составила: Ирина Комарова IT2V Таллинн 2004 г. Введение Язык программирования Pascal был разработан в 1968-1971 гг. Никлаусом Виртом в Цюрихском Институте информатики (Швейцария), и назван вчесть Блеза Паскаля – выдающегося математика, философа и физика 17-го века. Первоначальная цель разработки языка диктовалась необходимостью создания инструмента "для обучения программированию как систематической дисциплине". Однако очень скоро обнаружилась чрезвычайная эффективность языка Pascal в самых разнообразных приложениях, от решения небольших задач численного характера до разработки сложных программных систем - компиляторов, баз данных, операционных систем и т.п.
 Музейные здания. История и эволюция строительства Скачать в архиве Скачать
Музейные здания. История и эволюция строительства Реферат Введение. Музеи – (греч. muséion — место, посвященное музам, храм муз, от músa — муза) – научные, научно-просветительные учреждения, осуществляющие комплектование, хранение, изучение и популяризацию памятников естественной истории, материальной и духовной культуры – первоисточников знаний о развитии природы и человеческого общества. Музеи сосредоточивают в своих фондах главным образом предметы вещественные и изобразительные, в том числе произведения искусства, вместе с тем в них хранятся и письменные источники (рукописные материалы, печатные документы, книги, от инкунабул до изданий последнего времени, представляющие историческую ценность). История возникновения музеев как своеобразных общественных институтов, удовлетворяющих потребности политического, научного, культурного, экономического характера, уходит в глубокую древность.
 Painting Скачать в архиве Скачать
Painting There are a lot of kinds of art. The example of classical art are the masterpieces of painting and sculpture which are admired by people at picture galleries and museums. Recently another kind of art has appeared. It is cold graffiti and it is favored by the young people mostly but some grownups like it too. At first graffiti was considered to be an example of anti-social behavior, the works of vandal. The first graffiti appeared on the walls of poor neighbor hoods and subway trains. Very often the graffiti slogans were unsightly and aggressive. Many people looks upon graffiti as the work of vandals that should be punishable by fines. Since those days graffiti has changed a lot. Nowadays it has a status of street art and you can get graffiti in unexpected places: for example on toys, on clothes. One of the graffiti lovers has his own web-site devote only to the world of graffiti.
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Анекдот 
Армянское радио спрашивают: Почему в институте учатся 5 лет, а в духовной семинарии - только 3? Ответ: - Учебник всего один.
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